Iwe unofarira kuti sei 5G rwokugadzira anoshanda? Zvinobatsira here, ndezvipi zvakanakira uye zvakaipira tekinoroji nyowani? Ndeapi matatu akasiyana e5G anonzi? Chinyorwa chanhasi chinobata zvese.
Nyika yakagadzirira 5G. Iyo tekinoroji yakagadzirirwa kukurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura yakatangira. Pakupera kwa2035, zvinofungidzirwa kuti 5G ichagadzira USD 12.9 trillion mukutengesa basa uye kutsigira anopfuura mamirioni makumi maviri emabasa. MuUnited States chete, zvinotarisirwa kuunza mabasa matsva 20 miriyoni uye kuwedzera USD 3.5 bhiriyoni kuGDP. Apple yakabudisa mhando mbiri itsva dzePhones dzayo: iPhone 550 uye iPhone 12. Aya maPhones matsva ane zvirongwa zve13G. Xiaomi ndeimwe yemakambani emhando yemafoni akatora danho rekubatanidza 5G kune zvigadzirwa zvavo. Click pano kuti uone kuti ndedzipi mafoni eXiaomi anotsigira tekinoroji ye5G.
Iyo itsva 5G tekinoroji ichabvumira vashandisi kuparadzanisa network yemuviri mune akawanda madhiri network. Ivo vanozokwanisa kushandisa akasiyana zvidimbu zvipenga zvinoenderana nekukosha kwavo. Vashandisi vachakwanisa kuona 360-degree maonero echiito uye vanogona kutochinja pakati pehova dzakasiyana panguva imwe chete. Iko kumhanya kwekufambisa data kuchavandudza zvakanyanya. Saizvozvo, zvinogoneka kushandisa network zvimedu kuhaya chikamu chetiweki kuti vashumire zvavanoda.
Iyo tekinoroji ichavakwa uchishandisa maseru madiki pedyo nevanonyoresa. Aya maseru anozoiswa pamapango ekushandisa uye fenicha yemumugwagwa, uye achange aine “smart” antennas anogona kutungamira matanda akawanda kune mumwe nemumwe anyoresa. Izvi zvinogonesa 5G kushanda pamazinga emagetsi akaderera pane ikozvino 4G masisitimu. Iyo tekinoroji nyowani yaitarisirwa kusvika pakuiswa kwakazara muna 2020. Kunyange paine huwandu hwezvipo zvingangobatsira, tekinoroji ine matambudziko mazhinji ekukunda. Kunyangwe paine kusavimbika kwakawanda nenjodzi, tekinoroji idzi dzisina waya dzinoshandura nzira yatinotaura nayo.
5G yakachengeteka here?
Mhinduro ndihongu nakwete. Kunyangwe iyo hype yakatenderedza 5G, zvichiri kukosha kuziva kuti pachine kwakawanda kusagadzikana maererano nekuchengetedza tekinoroji. Chinetso chikuru ndechekukanganisa hutano hunogona kuitika. Sezvazvakamira, ramangwana re5G rinotaridzika rakajeka. Pane zvakawanda zvekutarisira. Kutanga, tekinoroji ye5G inogonesa vashandisi venetiweki kuparadzanisa network yemuviri mune akati wandei ma network. Iyo chaiyo network inobvumira vashandisi kushandisa chidimbu chakasiyana chetiweki kune akasiyana maapplication, akadai sevhidhiyo chat.
Zvakanakira zvehunyanzvi hwe5G tekinoroji
Kunyange iyo tekinoroji ingaite senge inotyisa, zvakanakira 5G zvakajeka. Inotsiva iyo yakawandisa-yakazara 4G musika ine yakakwirira-margin network-based application. Iyo tekinoroji yakaderera latency inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kutenderera vhidhiyo. Kuvimbika kwayo kwepamusoro kunoibvumira kutsigira vhidhiyo uye odhiyo. Pamusoro pezvo, 5G inobatsirawo zvishandiso kugara zvine bhatiri. Adaptive bandwidth inobvumira foni kuti ichinje pakati pepamusoro uye yakaderera data kumhanya, ichiichengeta kubva pakubvisa bhatiri.
Kuti inyatsoshanda, 5G nharembozha dzinofanirwa kuwana mukana wepamusoro-speed backhaul capacity. Iyo yakakwana backhaul yerudzi urwu rwetiweki ichave pamusoro pe optical fiber tambo. Nekudaro, havasi vese vanopa vane fiber zvidyarwa mumisika yavo uye havagone kukweretesa simba kune avo vanokwikwidza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanofanirwa kurojesa huwandu kubva kumakambani eterevhizheni nevanokwikwidza. Nepo mabhenefiti etekinoroji ari pachena, kuderera kweiyi tekinoroji kwakajeka zvakare.
5G yakasiyana sei ne3G, LTE uye 4G?
5G inoshandisawo huwandu hwakawanda hwemafrequency kupfuura 4G. Inoshandisa super-fast millimeter-wave spectrum. Aya masaisai angori mamirimita mashoma kureba uye ari epamusoro-frequency kupfuura 4G masaisai eredhiyo. Iyo inokurumidza masaisai, iyo yakawanda data yavanogona kutakura. Nekuda kweizvozvo, 5G ine mukana wekushandura akasiyana maindasitiri uye zvigadzirwa. Hune mukana wekuchinja nzira yatinoshanda nayo, kurarama, uye kutamba kwedu.
5G inoshandisa maredhiyo epamusoro ayo asina kuzara. Izvi zvinoita kuti ikwanise kutumira mamwe mashoko nekukurumidza. Iyo tekinoroji ichashandiswa kusimbisa dzimba dzakangwara dzine hunyanzvi hwepamberi. Iyo tekinoroji inogonesa kukurumidza kuburitsa zvemukati, kuderedza latency, uye kuwedzera data vhoriyamu. Ichi chizvarwa chitsva chekubatanidza isina waya chichakurumidza kupfuura zvizvarwa zvakapfuura. Ichabvumirawo kuvandudzwa kwemasevhisi matsva uye maapplication. Uye, pasinei nekuoma kwayo, teknolojia haisati yagadzirira kushanda zvakakwana.
Iyo yekumhanyisa ye5G ichave inokurumidza kukurumidza. Iko kukwidziridzwa kwakakosha pamusoro LTE uye 3G. Ichavawo yakavimbika kupfuura 4G, saka ichakwanisa kukwikwidzana neISPs iripo. Ichagonesa zvakare maapplication matsva, senge chaiwo uye augmented real. Uyezve, 5G ichave inoenderana ne4G mbozhanhare. Kunze kweizvi, tekinoroji ichabatsira zvikuru kumaruwa.
Kusiyana kwe5G: yakaderera-bhendi, yepakati-bhendi uye yakakwirira-bhendi
Kune misiyano yakawanda ye5G. Kutanga, ngatitaure nezvemabhandi akasiyana. High-bhendi ndiyo yakanakira kumhanya-mhanya, nepo yakaderera-bhendi yakanakira madaro mapfupi. Nepo yakakwirira-bhendi ichigona kufamba nemadziro, inokurumidza kukurumidza, kunyangwe iine nzvimbo yakaderera yekuvhara. Mid-bhendi inopa yepakati-latency uye zvishoma zvishoma. Iyo yakaderera bhandi inowira munzvimbo yepepuru. Semuenzaniso, T-Mobile yakavaka network yayo ye5G yenyika yose ichishandisa 600 megahertz bhendi.
Yakaderera-bhendi 5G ndiyo base musiyano weiyo tekinoroji. Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwekuvhara uye inogona kusvika kure kure. Inenge %20 nekukurumidza kupfuura 4G, uye inoshandiswa nenhepfenyuro dzeterevhizheni. Asi izvo, iyo Federal Communications Commission yakurudzira kuti yakaderera-bhendi 5G inogona kuvhara mabhendi ari pakati pe600 MHz ne900 MHz. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichiri kure, ichiri chiitiko chinovimbisa.
Yakaderera-bhendi 5G sevhisi haina kukurumidza seyakakwira-bhendi, asi inogona kuramba ichivandudza kumhanya kwefoni yako. Iyo yepakati-bhendi vhezheni inotarisirwa zvakare kuve inotapira nzvimbo yekuita kwemakore mashoma. Nekudaro, ikozvino, tekinoroji ichiri mumatanho ekutanga. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe mafoni epamberi haana kugadzirira kutora mukana weiyo yepamusoro-bhendi 5G network.
Yakaderera-bhendi 5G ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa yevatatu. Haisi iyo yakanyanya hyped kana yakanyanya kupfuura yevatatu. Asi ndiyo ichiri yakajairika uye ine huwandu hwe600 kusvika 700 MHz. Iyo yepakati bhendi inotangira pa2.5 GHz kusvika 4.2 GHz, iyo yakakura kwazvo kupfuura yakaderera-bhendi spectrum. Asi chakaipa ndechekuti haikwanise kufamba kure nekuda kwezvimhingamipinyi zvinosanganisira zvivakwa nezvinhu zvakasimba. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inorambidzwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzemumaguta. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwirira-bhendi inotangira pa24 kusvika 39GHz. Yepamusoro-bhendi 5G inoshandisa frequency mune yakaderera-bhendi uye yepakati-bhendi mabhendi. Aya mabhendi anowanzo kuwana kumhanya kwekurodha mumagigabits pasekondi.
Kunyange iyo yemhando yepamusoro-bhendi ndiyo yakanyanya hyped, iyo yepakati-bhendi 5G musiyano haina kunyatso kuvimbisa. Yayo yakaderera-bhendi spectrum inopa yakawanda kufukidzwa, asi yayo yakaderera-bhendi frequency inogona chete kufamba kusvika kure.
