Yakajairika desktop maPC ehofisi kana ekushandisa pamba anoshandisa angangoita 150-300 W pasi pemutoro mukuru. Mitambo yemitambo kana maPC ekugadzirisa mavhidhiyo anowanzoda 300–500 W. Uye zvivakwa zvine simba zvine makadhi maviri evhidhiyo zvinoda 500–1000 W+. Nenhamba idzi, unogona kuverenga watts zvakanaka, sarudza zvikamu zvine wattage chaiyo, uye, maererano, simba rekushandisa rePC.
Heino kupatsanurwa kweyakajairwa chikamu chekushandisa:
- Motherboard: ~25–80 W.
- CPU: ~65–125 W.
- GPU: ~ 100–350 W pasi pemutoro.
- Memory, kuchengetedza, mafeni, nezvimwe.: imwezve 50–100 W.
Pfungwa huru pano ndeyekudzivisa simba rakawandisa. Simba rekupa magetsi rinoshanda zvakanyanya pamutoro we50-75%.
Iwe unoona sei mashandisirwo emagetsi eCPU neGPU?
Kuti uite izvi, unogona kushandisa zvishandiso zvesoftware, mafomula ekutanga, kana kutora zviyero zvehardware.
Kune CPU:
- HWiNFO / HWMonitor: Inoratidza CPU Package Simba, sekushandisa chaiko (ikozvino, kushoma, kunyanyisa) kuburikidza nema sensors pabhodhi reamai.
- Formula maererano nemitemo yemagetsi: P = V × I. Kuti uongorore, unoda magetsi uye ikozvino pane imwe neimwe njanji yemagetsi (core, SoC, etc.), wozowedzera ivo.
- Hardware kuyerwa: Iyo yakanyanya kunaka sarudzo ndeyekuyera ikozvino paCPU pini kana EPS tambo ine multimeter kana yakakosha adapta.
YeGPU:
- HWiNFO / GPU-Z: ratidza Total Graphics Simba - GPU kushandiswa (ikozvino, min, max, avhareji).
- Delta nzira: Kuyera kushandiswa kwePC uye uye pasina mutoro chete paGPU (kuburikidza neFurMark); mutsauko = simba reGPU.
- Hardware yekubatanidza yemultimeter kune PCIe zvibatanidza, asi izvi zvakanyanya kuoma uye zvisinganyanyi kushandiswa.
Ndezvipi zvikamu zvinowedzera zvakavanzika masimba masimba kune yako system?
Pane zvishoma zvikamu uye zvinhu zvinowedzera mutoro kune simba rekupa simba.
Motherboard uye VRM
Mabhodhi emazuva ano anodya anenge 25-80 W, zvichienderana nechipset, VRM, RGB, uye peripherals. Iyo VRM uye voltage regulators inoshandisa imwe simba, kunyanya kana sisitimu iri pasi pemutoro mukuru.
"Standby mode" kwenguva yakareba
A PSU mune yekumira modhi (ine PC yakadzimwa asi iyo unit yakabatidzwa) inogona kushandisa 0.5-5 W, dzimwe nguva yakawanda kana ichichaja ne USB. Mune ino kesi, iyo mamaboard inochengeta USB ports, yekurara modhi (WoL), RGB, nezvimwe, inoshanda. Izvi zvinowedzera kuwedzera +2–12 W.
Fans, HDD, DVD
Mafeni anowedzera 2–5 W imwe neimwe. CPU fan ~ 3 W. HDD ~5–10 W, SSD ~1–2 W. Optical drives kumativi ~1–2 W ari standby mode.
RGB mwenje uye peripherals
Mwenje ye LED, makiyibhodhi, mbeva, uye USB zvishandiso zvinowedzera mamwe mashoma watts mune chero maitiro. Aya maratidziro asina kukosha anenge asingaonekwe kana achienzaniswa nevamwe vashandisi vesimba muPC yako, asi zvakakodzera kutora aya mashoma ekushandisa manhamba zvakare.
Iwe unozvidavirira sei nezvemidziyo yekuchengetedza, RAM, uye maperipherals?
Iwo manhamba ari pasi apa achakubatsira iwe kuverenga iyo chaiyo mutoro zvakanyanya uye sarudza iyo chaiyo PSU yePC yako.
RAM inoshandisa 2–5 W pamodule (≈ 3 W/8 GB). Kuwedzera nhamba yemamodules inenge yakananga kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba kwehurongwa hwose (4 × 4 W ≈ 16 W).
Zvishandiso zvekuchengeta (SSD & HDD) vane mashandisirwo emagetsi akasiyana nekuti vanoita mabasa akasiyana. SSDs kudya ≈ 0.6-5 W (kazhinji 2-5 W). MaHDD, uyewo, inopedza 0.7-9 W (dzimwe nguva kusvika ku20 W pasi pemutoro).
Fans shandisa 2-6 W imwe neimwe, zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo / kukurumidza. USB midziyo, RGB, keyboard/mbeva inogona kuwedzera +10–50 W zvichienderana nezvavanoita panguva yekushanda.
Chii chakakoshera magetsi ekushandisa mashandiro emagetsi (semuenzaniso, 80 PLUS®)?
Iyo 80 PLUS® certification chiyero inotaridza kuti ingani simba rinoenda kune izvo zvikamu uye kuti ingani yakarasika sekupisa.
Iyo 80 PLUS® certification ine akati wandei mazinga: Bronze, Sirivha, Goridhe, Platinum, uye Titanium. Iyo yakakwira nhanho, iyo yakakwira yekugonesa yakavimbiswa nemugadziri (semuenzaniso, Titanium inopa kusvika ku96% kushanda kwemagetsi kunoshanda pa50% mutoro).
Nei izvi zvichikosha? Nekuti PSU isingaite inoshanda inoshandura chikamu chikuru chemagetsi kuita kupisa, izvo zvinoda kuwedzera kutonhora uye kugadzira ruzha. Iine 80 PLUS® mucherechedzo, yako magetsi emagetsi unit inobvisa idzi kutyisidzira uye nekuchengetera magetsi. Chaizvoizvo kusvika makumi ezviuru zvekWh pagore.
Iwe unofanirwa here kusanganisira yakachengeteka margin paunenge uchiverenga PSU kugona?
Zvirokwazvo. Simba rekuchengetedza rinovimbisa kushanda kwakadzikama kweiyo magetsi emagetsi pasi peakasiyana masisitimu mitoro.
Mutoro we50-80% ndiyo inonyanya kushanda renji yePSUs. Kushanda pamuganho kana pasina chengetedzo kunotungamira mukurasikirwa kwekupisa uye ruzha. Peak kushandiswa (kunyangwe kwenguva pfupi) kunogona kudarika kuverenga. Nzvimbo yekuchengetedza ye20-30% inopa buffer. Power reserve inobatsirawo kudzikamisa magetsi ekupa kupera.
Saka, imarii yakawanda yaunofanira kutora? Tora 20-30% pamusoro peyakaverengerwa kushandiswa. Vashandisi vezvigadzirwa zvemwaka vanokurudzira kuwedzera zana rekuchengetedza kana ~ 100-20% zvichienderana nehurongwa. Kune inorema kuvaka kana overclocking, nzvimbo yepamusoro (kana kunyange 30 × simba) inodiwa.
Kuwedzeredza kunokanganisa sei kuverenga kwesimba rako remaoko?
Overclocking inonyanya kukanganisa mashandisirwo emagetsi ePC yako system, kunyanya processor. Kuwedzera frequency uye voltage kunotungamira kukurumidza kuwedzera kwesimba zvinoenderana neformula: P ∝ f × V². Kunyangwe kuwedzera kudiki kwemagetsi kunogona kuwedzera makumi emawatts kune yakazara mutoro. Paavhareji, CPU overclocking inogona kuwedzera kushandiswa ne50-100 W, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kutowedzera. GPU overclocking inowedzerawo makumi ewatts, kunyanya pakakwirira voltages.
Izvi zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa usati waverengera mashandisiro emagetsi ezvese PC zvikamu. Naizvozvo, kana uchiverenga nemaoko huwandu hwePSU, zvakakosha kuti ubatanidze overclocking zvinhu uye kubvumidza imwe margin.
Simba rose rinoshandiswa rinofanira kuwedzerwa ne10-25% kana 100 watts zvakanyanya. Nekugadziriswa kwakanyanya, muganho unosvika makumi mashanu muzana unofanirwa kutariswa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kupisa, kusagadzikana, uye kuwedzera kusimba kwePSU.
Ndedzipi zvikanganiso zvakajairika kudzivirira kana uchifungidzira PSU wattage neruoko?
Hezvino izvo zvakakosha:
- Kufunga kwekuita zvisirizvo. Vanhu vanowanzobvisa kushanda zvakanaka (semuenzaniso, 80%) kubva kune simba reyuniti. Asi zviyero zvePSU zvinotoratidza simba rekubuda, kwete mashandisirwo kubva mukubuda.
- Kuregeredza mitoro yepamusoro. Huwandu hweCPU neGPU TDP ≠ inogara ichiremerwa. Iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera 50-100 W yekuchengetera mitoro yenguva refu.
- Kushandisa ma calculator pasina ongororo. Zviverengero uchishandisa zvishandiso zvepamhepo zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo. Zviri nani kutarisa data yemugadziri uye kuwedzera chengetedzo nemaoko. Kana shandisa yakaratidza PC simba rekupa Calculator. Zvakadai seSeasonic, iyo inofunga nezvekuita kwezvinhu zvese, inowedzera simba rekuchengetedza 15-20% uye inopa magetsi emagetsi zvinoenderana neakawanikwa PSU simba chinhu.
- Kukundikana kufungisisa mutoro pamagetsi akasiyana-siyana. Iyo CPU neGPU inodya yakawanda ye12V njanji, saka kwete chete yakazara PSW yakakosha, asiwo kutsungirira kweiyo 12V njanji, kunyanya ine zvinhu zvekare kana zvakachipa.
- Hapana chengetedzo yekusimudzira. Hapana chikonzero chekutenga chaizvo "kusvika pamuganho." Iyo yekuchengetedza ye20-40% inopa mukana wekusimudzira uye kugadzikana kurodha.
Mhedziso
Nhasi, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuverenga simba rinodiwa paPC yako, kusanganisira nemaoko. Tora kurudziro yedu mufunge, funga anodiwa masimba ekuchengetedza, dzidza maitiro ePC yako zvikamu, uye uwane zvakanyanya kubva kubasa rako, mitambo, uye chero mabasa akakosha kwauri.
