Sezadlula izinsuku lapho inhloso enkulu yomakhalekhukhwini kwakuwukushaya izingcingo. Namuhla, i-smartphone ingumngane obalulekile ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, isisiza ukuba sikhokhe izikweletu, amathikithi okubhuka, ukuhlela uhambo, ukuphatha imali efakwa ebhange, ukuthenga ku-inthanethi, nokunye okuningi. Omakhalekhukhwini bayalibona izwi nobuso bomnikazi, banokufinyelela amakhadi ethu esikweletu, futhi bagcine idatha ye-biometric. Mhlawumbe akekho omunye umshini owazi okwengeziwe ngathi ngaphandle kwe-smartphone.
Kodwa, okuxakayo ukuthi, uma kukhulunywa nge-cybersecurity, sicabanga ngamakhompyutha kuqala, hhayi amafoni. Khonamanjalo, amadivaysi eselula, ahlala ethumela futhi ethola amasignali kunethiwekhi, ayimpokophelo ekhangayo yezigebengu.
Asebenza kanjani ama-VPN amahhala e-Android
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi yangasese yeselula (VPN) zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezinguqulo zedeskithophu nekhompyutha ephathekayo. I ama-VPN wamahhala we-Android ocingweni lwakho hambisa ithrafikhi yakho ngeseva ye-VPN oxhumeke kuyo, ibethela idatha ephumayo, futhi isuse ukubethela idatha engenayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe idatha yakho ibanjwa endleleni isuka ocingweni lwakho iya kuseva ye-VPN (isibonelo, uma uxhuma endaweni yokufinyelela ye-Wi-Fi engathembekile), abahlaseli ngeke bakwazi ukuyifunda.
Lo mzila uthatha indawo yekheli le-IP locingo lwakho nekheli le-IP leseva ye-VPN ukuze kubonakale sengathi uxhumeke endaweni yeseva. Ngenxa yalokho, amawebhusayithi owavakashelayo "abona" indawo yeseva, futhi indawo yakho yangempela ihlala iyimfihlo.
Izinsongo ze-Cyber uma usebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini
Izinsongo ze-Cyber zihlukaniswe ngamaleveli angu-3: ileveli yedivayisi, ileveli yenethiwekhi, nezinga lohlelo lokusebenza. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo nezindlela zokuvimbela.
1. Izinsongo zezinga ledivayisi zikhona ngenxa yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphelele nezishayeli. Yonke ifoni inokuvikelwa kwasembonini okuyisisekelo futhi izigebengu ze-inthanethi zifuna izindlela zokuyiphula. Ukwenza lokhu, abaduni basebenzisa ama-exploits - izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezisebenzisa ukukhubazeka ku-software ye-smartphone.
2. Izinsongo zezinga lenethiwekhi zisebenzisa ukulawula i-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth, ikhebula le-USB, imilayezo ye-SMS, namakholi wezwi. Isibonelo, abahlaseli bangasebenzisa izindawo zokufinyelela ezingenazintambo ezisengozini ukuze balamule phakathi kwedivayisi yesisebenzi neseva.
3. Izinsongo zezinga lohlelo lokusebenza zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Amakhulu ezicelo ezisolisayo zamadivayisi eselula avinjiwe kusukela ku-Google App Store nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kukhona nalokho okubizwa nge-grayware, okungaba yingozi kudatha ebucayi.
Kungani usebenzisa i-VPN ku-smartphone yakho?
1. Ukuphepha kumanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi.
Abaduni bahlala bezingela abasebenzisi abasengozini. Futhi amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi asesidlangalaleni ayindawo yawo. Ezimweni eziningi, uma usebenzisa amanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi, idatha yomuntu siqu ayibethelwanga, ngakho-ke ingavinjwa abahlaseli.
Kwesinye isikhathi, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zidala izindawo zokufinyelela ze-Wi-Fi ezingelona iqiniso ngale njongo. Ukuze uhlale uphephile kunethiwekhi yomphakathi ye-Wi-Fi, udinga isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela idatha.
I-VPN ikusiza ukuthi usungule uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluvikelekile, oluvikelekile kunethiwekhi yomphakathi ye-Wi-Fi ngokwenza lokhu:
- ukubethela ithrafikhi ye-inthanethi;
- ukufihla ikheli le-IP.
Ithrafikhi ye-inthanethi ebethelwe iguqulwa ibe ikhodi engafundeki, futhi ikheli le-IP elifihliwe livimbela indawo okuyo yangempela ukuthi inganqunywa. Ukusebenzisa lezi zici ezimbili zokuphepha kuthuthukisa kakhulu ubumfihlo bakho ku-inthanethi.
2. Ukweqa imikhawulo yenethiwekhi yamabhizinisi nezikhungo zemfundo.
Ukhathele imikhawulo yenethiwekhi emsebenzini noma esikoleni? Akuvamile ukuthi amabhizinisi nezikhungo zemfundo zivimbele ukufinyelela kumawebhusayithi athile noma okuqukethwe ku-inthanethi ukuze “kugcine ukukhiqiza kuphezulu” futhi “kwehlise umthwalo wenethiwekhi”. Izinhlelo ze-VPN zingakusiza futhi unqobe izithiyo ezinjalo. Vele uxhumeke kuseva ye-VPN kunoma iyiphi indawo oyikhethayo futhi upheqa i-inthanethi ngokukhululekile.
3. Ukweqa ukucwaninga noma ngabe ukuphi.
Ukuthambekela kokuvinjelwa kwe-inthanethi okuqinile kubonakala emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele namuhla. Cabanga uphila noma uchitha iholide ezweni lapho ukufinyelela kumanethiwekhi omphakathi owathandayo kuvinjiwe. Kodwa ungakwazi ukweqa lezi zivimbelo.
Okudingayo i-VPN yamahhala ocingweni lwakho. I-VPN ingakusiza udlule izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuvinjwa kwamawebhusayithi, okuhlanganisa ukuvinjwa kwamakheli e-IP nokuhlunga kwe-DNS.
Ukuze udlule ukucwaninga, udinga ukushintsha indawo yakho usebenzisa i-VPN. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukufinyelela kumasevisi e-BBC noma e-New York Times ovela ezweni eliwavimbayo, xhuma kuseva e-United States.
4. Sakaza ngokuyimfihlo futhi ngaphandle kwemingcele yesivinini.
Ingabe isivinini sakho se-inthanethi sehla kakhulu uma uxhuma kusevisi yokusakaza bukhoma? Kungenzeka kakhulu, umhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi okhawulela umkhawulokudonsa wakho lapho eqaphela ukuxhumana okunjalo. Yebo, kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukuthi ama-ISP ehlise ijubane ukuxhumana kwabasebenzisi lapho belanda amafayela noma bebuka ividiyo esakazwayo.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngakho? Njengoba ungase ucabange, i-VPN ingakusiza. I-VPN ifihla ithrafikhi yakho kumhlinzeki wakho wesevisi ye-inthanethi ukuze angaboni ukuthi wenzani ku-inthanethi. Ngale ndlela, ungagwema imikhawulo yomkhawulokudonsa futhi ubuke okuqukethwe kokusakaza ngasese usebenzisa i-VPN.
5. Ukuvikelwa ekubandlululweni kwentengo.
Lapho uthenga ku-inthanethi, indawo yomsebenzisi idlala indima ebalulekile. Iqiniso liwukuthi abathengisi babeka amanani ahlukene ngokuya ngekhodi yabo yeposi, ikheli le-IP, umlando wokuthenga, ngisho nenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi abayisebenzisayo. Lokhu ukubandlululwa kwentengo. Kulokhu, uvame ukukhokhela kakhulu umkhiqizo lapho uwuthenga ezweni elinemali engenayo ephezulu.
Nge-VPN, ungashintsha indawo yakho ukuze uthole amadili angcono ku-inthanethi. Ungagwema ukucwaswa kwamanani futhi uyisebenzisele inzuzo yakho ukonga imali eningi uma uthenga nge-VPN.
Izincomo ze-cybersecurity yedivayisi yeselula
Ngokungafani nezindlela zokugebenga, ezingaba yinkimbinkimbi, ukuvikela idivayisi yakho kulula kakhulu. Odinga ukukwenza ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-cybersecurity kanye nobuchwepheshe.
Nawa amanye amathiphu asebenzayo okuvikela i-smartphone yakho.
1. Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nahlukile kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti kudivayisi yakho yeselula, futhi ucabange ukusebenzisa umphathi wephasiwedi ukuze uwalandelele.
2. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti namadivayisi noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
3. Gcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini futhi ubuyekeze njalo isistimu yokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza kudivayisi yakho yeselula ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi unokuvikela kwakamuva.
4. Xhuma kumanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi omphakathi angavikelekile usebenzisa i-VPN kuphela. Ungakhetha i-VPN yamahhala engcono kakhulu usebenzisa izinsizakalo ezikhethekile, njenge freevpnmentor.com.
5. Sebenzisa ukukhiya isikrini njengephinikhodi, iphasiwedi, noma ukufakazela ubuqiniso bebhayomethrikhi ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungadingeki.
6. Qaphela lapho uchofoza izixhumanisi noma ulanda okunamathiselwe kwimithombo engaziwa, njengoba kungase kube ne-malware noma amagciwane.
7. Sebenzisa izici zokulawula ukude kudivayisi yakho ukuze ukwazi ukusula yonke idatha kudivayisi yakho uma ilahlekile noma yebiwa.
8. Njalo yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho kusevisi yefu evikelekile noma i-hard drive yangaphandle ukuze ukwazi ukuyibuyisela uma idivayisi yakho ilahleka noma yebiwe.
9. Ungayivuli imiyalezo evela emithonjeni engaziwa. Awudingi ngisho nokuchofoza noma yini embhalweni ukuze uthole iphutha, ukuhlasela kuzoqala ukusebenza ngemuva. I-hacker idinga kuphela inombolo yakho yeselula.
Isiphetho
Ama-Smartphones abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu: siwasebenzisela ukuxhumana nabanye abantu ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, ukugcina amafayela emidiya, ukuphatha ama-akhawunti ethu asebhange, nokwenza eminye imisebenzi eminingi.
Ukuphepha kwamaselula kuyisici esibalulekile sempilo yethu yedijithali okungafanele sithathwe kalula. Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu nokusebenzisa i-VPN, ungazivikela ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi nakubagebengu be-inthanethi futhi ujabulele ukunethezeka kwamadivayisi eselula ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu.
